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	<title>Citizens Closing the Gap</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org</link>
	<description>Regular people, working together to keep our government working for us.</description>
	<pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2009 02:32:33 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>Will President Obama support the Fair Elections Now Act?</title>
		<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/uncategorized/will-president-obama-support-the-fair-elections-now-act</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/uncategorized/will-president-obama-support-the-fair-elections-now-act#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2009 02:26:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fred Markham</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Election Reform]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Election Reform Opinions]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Finance & Banking]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Finance & Banking Opinions]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Healthcare]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Add new tag]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Clean Elections]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Economy]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Fair Elections Now Act]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[FENA]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Health Care]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/?p=76</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This month&#8217;s &#8220;Money On My Mind&#8221; column by Dr. Jay R. Mandle of DemocracyMatters.org paints a fairly gloomy picture of FENA&#8217;s near term chances to succeed.  Dr. Mandle discusses the natural reluctance of reform activists to work on process issues such as Clean Elections, because they want to work directly on the issues they are [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>This month&#8217;s <a title="&quot;Money On My Mind, It's the Process That Counts&quot;" href="http://www.democracymatters.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=lgLUIXOwGnF&amp;b=3781543&amp;ct=6902683">&#8220;Money On My Mind&#8221;</a> column by Dr. Jay R. Mandle of <a title="http://www.democracymatters.org/" href="http://www.democracymatters.org/">DemocracyMatters.org</a> paints a fairly gloomy picture of FENA&#8217;s near term chances to succeed.  Dr. Mandle discusses the natural reluctance of reform activists to work on process issues such as Clean Elections, because they want to work directly on the issues they are passionate about, and whose outcomes matter to them directly, no matter how long the odds against them.  Mandle thinks Obama, as a liberal reformer, has the same tendency.  Furthermore, he thinks that Obama may be blinded to the need for public financing by his own huge fund raising success outside the presidential public financing system.</p>
<p>Mandle suggests that Obama may become more receptive to the Clean Elections message, and may sign on to FENA, if his reform agenda is sufficiently thwarted by Congress (presumably if he also recognizes that the influence of private money is the main source of his frustration).</p></div>
<div>These concerns are clearly borne out in the current health care and financial sector reform debates. Much has been made of the fact that there is &#8220;no seat at the table&#8221; for the single payer health care option, and there is also significant resistance to restoring real regulation to the financial systems. Private political donations will no doubt have a huge impact in both cases.  In fact, private money is probably the only reason for not even discussing the single payer health care solution, which polls have shown is very popular among the general population.</div>
<div>We Clean Elections advocates appear to be hung in limbo at this point: Congress is unlikely to give FENA serious attention unless Obama signs on, and - as Mandle points out - Obama is unlikely to see the need until and unless he learns the hard way that our privately financed Congress can&#8217;t act in the country&#8217;s best interests.  We can assume that Congress will provide the lesson, but will the President learn it, or will he instead rationalize and settle for whatever legislation he can get passed?</div>
<div>This puts us Clean Elections activists in an awkward position. We can&#8217;t in good conscience hope for failures in the health care program or financial sector reform, yet we recognize the bad bargain of losing out on the long term benefits of election finance reform in order to gain the inadequate legislation that our privately financed Congress is likely to pass.</div>
<div>For those of us working in Florida, now is a good time to offer strong support to the Fair Districts referendum initiative.  Not only is the issue critical to increasing democracy in the state, we can also hone our canvassing skills here so that we will be that much more effective in promoting the Clean Elections / FENA issue.  It is also worthwhile, if you haven&#8217;t done so already, to write or call your Congressman and both Senators to encourage their support for FENA.</div>
<div>Fred Markham</div>
<div>17 May 2009</div>
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		<title>Trade</title>
		<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/uncategorized/trade</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/uncategorized/trade#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 15:23:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gwilson</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/uncategorized/trade</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Address of trade subcommittee members:
Committee on Ways and Means
Subcommittee on Trade 
Sander M. Levin, MI Chairman
http://www.house.gov/levin/ 
John S. Tanner, TN
http://www.house.gov/tanner/ 
Chris Van Hollen, MD
http://vanhollen.house.gov/HoR/MD08/Home 
Jim McDermott, WA
http://www.house.gov/mcdermott/ 
Richard E. Neal, MA
http://www.house.gov/mcdermott/ 
Lloyd Doggett, TX
http://www.house.gov/doggett/ 
Earl Pomeroy, ND
http://www.pomeroy.house.gov/ 
Bob Etheridge, NC
http://etheridge.house.gov/ 
Linda T. Sanchez, CA
http://lindasanchez.house.gov/ 
Kevin Brady, TX
http://www.house.gov/brady/ 
Geoff Davis, KY
http://geoffdavis.house.gov/ 
Dave G. Reichert, WA
http://reichert.house.gov/ 
Wally [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Address of trade subcommittee members:<br />
Committee on Ways and Means<br />
Subcommittee on Trade </p>
<p>Sander M. Levin, MI Chairman</p>
<p>http://www.house.gov/levin/ </p>
<p>John S. Tanner, TN</p>
<p>http://www.house.gov/tanner/ </p>
<p>Chris Van Hollen, MD<br />
http://vanhollen.house.gov/HoR/MD08/Home </p>
<p>Jim McDermott, WA<br />
http://www.house.gov/mcdermott/ </p>
<p>Richard E. Neal, MA<br />
http://www.house.gov/mcdermott/ </p>
<p>Lloyd Doggett, TX<br />
http://www.house.gov/doggett/ </p>
<p>Earl Pomeroy, ND<br />
http://www.pomeroy.house.gov/ </p>
<p>Bob Etheridge, NC<br />
http://etheridge.house.gov/ </p>
<p>Linda T. Sanchez, CA<br />
http://lindasanchez.house.gov/ </p>
<p>Kevin Brady, TX<br />
http://www.house.gov/brady/ </p>
<p>Geoff Davis, KY<br />
http://geoffdavis.house.gov/ </p>
<p>Dave G. Reichert, WA</p>
<p>http://reichert.house.gov/ </p>
<p>Wally Herger, CA<br />
http://www.house.gov/herger/ </p>
<p>Devin Nunes, CA<br />
http://nunes.house.gov/ </p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Political Donors Drive the HealthCare Debate</title>
		<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/healthcare/political-donors-drive-the-healthcare-debate</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/healthcare/political-donors-drive-the-healthcare-debate#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 May 2009 03:42:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Fred Markham</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Election Reform]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Healthcare]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA["special interests"]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[insurance]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/?p=34</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I submitted this as a letter to the editor to several central FL newspapers this morning, in response to an email alert from Howard Dean. 
Special interests and big money political donors are driving the health care debate away from public options that would ensure all Americans have access to good healthcare at costs they [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>I submitted this as a letter to the editor to several central FL newspapers this morning, in response to an email alert from Howard Dean. </em></p>
<p>Special interests and big money political donors are driving the health care debate away from public options that would ensure all Americans have access to good healthcare at costs they can afford. The NY Times editorial board wrote earlier this month, &#8220;Lobbyists and Congressional aides have discussed a possible compromise: Congress would authorize a new government-run insurance program, but it would come into existence only if certain conditions were met - if, for example, private insurers failed to rein in health costs by a certain amount after several years.&#8221; In other words, we have finally arrived at the opportunity to devise a desperately needed public health care option,  only to find that our privately financed legislators are bending to the will of their special interest financiers in the insurance and health care industry. This is no compromise at all, but a political diversion that will continue private insurer control of health care for another generation: a system where public health is at direct odds with private profit and insurers hold ultimate power to decide who gets treatment, and where tens of millions go uninsured or underinsured and subject to financial ruin if they lose a job or get ill.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Trade Reform, Accountability, Development, and Employment Act of 2008 or the TRADE Act of 2008.</title>
		<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/trade/trade-opinions/trade-reform-accountability-development-and-employment-act-of-2008-or-the-trade-act-of-2008</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/trade/trade-opinions/trade-reform-accountability-development-and-employment-act-of-2008-or-the-trade-act-of-2008#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2009 18:15:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>gwilson</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Trade Opinions]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/uncategorized/trade-reform-accountability-development-and-employment-act-of-2008-or-the-trade-act-of-2008</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A letter to Sander M. Levin, MI Chairman Subcommittee on trade of the Committee on Ways and Means
http://www.citizen.org/trade/tradeact/ (a copy of the bill)
Trade Reform
Trade Reform, Accountability, Development, and Employment Act of 2008 or the TRADE Act of 2008.
We as citizens of the Space Coast in Brevard Florida are grateful and are experiencing a greater sense [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A letter to Sander M. Levin, MI Chairman Subcommittee on trade of the Committee on Ways and Means</p>
<p>http://www.citizen.org/trade/tradeact/ (a copy of the bill)</p>
<p>Trade Reform<br />
Trade Reform, Accountability, Development, and Employment Act of 2008 or the TRADE Act of 2008.</p>
<p>We as citizens of the Space Coast in Brevard Florida are grateful and are experiencing a greater sense of confidence in our nation &#8216; s legislative process. This Bill, the TRADE Act of 2008 which strengthens the role of congress concerning trade and treaty agreements is a step in the right direction in congress reclaiming its Constitutional responsibility. For the past thirty years, we the citizens had lost confidence that trade agreements were concerned with ordinary citizens or the nation&#8217;s welfare economically and societally. We claim the basic foundation and primary purpose of United States trade and treaty agreements is the welfare of citizens and the nation.<span id="more-50"></span></p>
<p>We applaud your direction in Section Two concerning Labor standards and practices, environmental standards and the protection of human health. However we could not find any uniformity of consequences across nation states and corporate entities. What is to prevent a nation from becoming a favorite nation of corporations because of lax enforcement policies. Please let us know how you plan to address this and what language you will use in the legislation.</p>
<p>In Section Three, in examining the economic, labor, social, and environmental impact in countries involved in trade agreements and making that information public we would like to see local government officials (county and city commissioners) involved and public meetings held at the local level to discuss and explore the probable impact as well. If the local community that is to be altered due to the agreement can not support the agreement, then the agreement will need to be altered or abandoned. In this day and age the need for indirect representation concerning governmental involvement that will change the social and economic structure in which people live needs to give way to a more direct involvement of citizen participation.</p>
<p>We understand the stated need for fast track however the last three decades have proved fast track has not been beneficial to the welfare of the ordinary working men and women. Economic democracy is not fast; it is deliberative, thorough, and strengthening of the economic foundation of local communities. We do expect you, our Representatives, to be about strengthening the social, cultural, and economic foundation of the local communities that voted you to office.</p>
<p>With regards to Section Three Number Six, we expect any shifting of public sector services to private corporate ownership to go through the same process of economic, social, and local impact analysis as stated above in this trade agreement. In essence that is also a trade agreement between the citizens of this nation and a corporate entity and we expect the process to be thorough and strengthening of the economic foundation of local communities.</p>
<p>With regards Section Three, 11-C #1, If the trading partner has a democratic form of government, we would expect the United States to push in the directions of fair and clean elections.</p>
<p>Thank you for keeping the processes in Section Three open to the public. And we hope to see these public hearings at the local level with locally elected officials engaging their constituents.</p>
<p>Regarding Section Four as we are grateful for the public involvement in Section Three, we are concerned that we did not find the same language in Section Four. Again we the citizens are ultimately responsible for these agreements working through our representatives. However if we are excluded in any phase, how are we to be responsible. We the citizens will be living in the restructuring of our society as a result of these trade and treaty agreements. As we have witnessed the trade process over the past thirty years we are not confident our best interest is at the heart of our government. Therefore we require transparency to the ultimate degree. We look forward to working with you and your working with us.</p>
<p>Thank you,</p>
<p>Rev. Gregory Wilson</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>S.637 Newspaper Revitalization Act</title>
		<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/press-media/press-media-facts/s637-newspaper-revitalization-act</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/press-media/press-media-facts/s637-newspaper-revitalization-act#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2009 00:50:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ray Myers</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Press & Media Facts]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/?p=36</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Sen. Benjamin Cardin [D, MD] introduced a bill in late March, to allow newspapers to restructure as non-profit organizations under section 501(c)(3) of the Federal tax code.  This bill could be one way for declining newspapers to abandon their current, failing,  for-profit model.
See the full text of the bill below.

S 673 ISCommentsClose CommentsPermalink

111th CONGRESSCommentsClose CommentsPermalink

1st [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.opencongress.org/person/show/400064_benjamin_cardin">Sen. Benjamin Cardin [D, MD]</a> introduced a bill in late March, to allow newspapers to restructure as non-profit organizations under section 501(c)(3) of the Federal tax code.  This bill could be one way for declining newspapers to abandon their current, failing,  for-profit model.</p>
<p>See the full text of the bill below.</p>
<p><span id="more-36"></span></p>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:1" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:1');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:1');">S 673 IS<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:1" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:1" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:1'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:1" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:1'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:1" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:1">Permalink</a></span></p>
<div id="bill_text_comments_t0:is:1" class="bill_text_section_comments" style="display: none;"><img style="margin: 5px; text-align: center;" src="http://www.opencongress.org/images/flat-loader.gif" alt="" /></div>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:2" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:2');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:2');">111th CONGRESS<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:2" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:2" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:2'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:2" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:2'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:2" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:2">Permalink</a></span></p>
<div id="bill_text_comments_t0:is:2" class="bill_text_section_comments" style="display: none;"><img style="margin: 5px; text-align: center;" src="http://www.opencongress.org/images/flat-loader.gif" alt="" /></div>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:3" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:3');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:3');">1st Session<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:3" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:3" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:3'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:3" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:3'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:3" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:3">Permalink</a></span></p>
<div id="bill_text_comments_t0:is:3" class="bill_text_section_comments" style="display: none;"><img style="margin: 5px; text-align: center;" src="http://www.opencongress.org/images/flat-loader.gif" alt="" /></div>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:4" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:4');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:4');">S. 673<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:4" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:4" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:4'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:4" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:4'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:4" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:4">Permalink</a></span></p>
<div id="bill_text_comments_t0:is:4" class="bill_text_section_comments" style="display: none;"><img style="margin: 5px; text-align: center;" src="http://www.opencongress.org/images/flat-loader.gif" alt="" /></div>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:5" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:5');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:5');">To allow certain newspapers to be treated as described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such Code.<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:5" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:5" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:5'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:5" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:5'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:5" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:5">Permalink</a></span></p>
<div id="bill_text_comments_t0:is:5" class="bill_text_section_comments" style="display: none;"><img style="margin: 5px; text-align: center;" src="http://www.opencongress.org/images/flat-loader.gif" alt="" /></div>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:6" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:6');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:6');">IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:6" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:6" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:6'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:6" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:6'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:6" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:6">Permalink</a></span></p>
<div id="bill_text_comments_t0:is:6" class="bill_text_section_comments" style="display: none;"><img style="margin: 5px; text-align: center;" src="http://www.opencongress.org/images/flat-loader.gif" alt="" /></div>
<h3><span id="bill_text_section_t0:is:8" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:8');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:8');">March 24, 2009<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:8" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:8" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:8'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:8" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:8'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:8" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:8">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p></span></h3>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:9" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:9');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:9');">Mr. CARDIN (for himself and Ms. MIKULSKI) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:9" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:9" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:9'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:9" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:9'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:9" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:9">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:10" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:10');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:10');">A BILL<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:10" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:10" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:10'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:10" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:10'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:10" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:10">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:11" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:11');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:11');">To allow certain newspapers to be treated as described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such Code.<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:11" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:11" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:11'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:11" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:11'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:11" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:11">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:12" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:12');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:12');"><em> Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,</em><span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:12" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:12" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:12'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:12" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:12'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:12" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:12">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<h3>SECTION 1. TREATMENT OF CERTAIN NEWSPAPERS AS EXEMPT FROM TAX UNDER SECTION 501.</h3>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:14" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:14');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:14');">(a) In General- Paragraph (3) of section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting ‘(including a qualified newspaper corporation)’ after ‘educational purposes’.<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:14" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:14" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:14'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:14" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:14'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:14" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:14">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:15" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:15');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:15');">(b) Qualified Newspaper Corporation- Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended&#8211;<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:15" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:15" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:15'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:15" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:15'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:15" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:15">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:16" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:16');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:16');">(1) by redesignating subsection (r) as subsection (s), and<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:16" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:16" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:16'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:16" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:16'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:16" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:16">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:17" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:17');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:17');">(2) by inserting after subsection (q) the following new subsection:<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:17" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:17" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:17'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:17" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:17'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:17" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:17">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<blockquote>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:18" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:18');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:18');">‘(r) Qualified Newspaper Corporation- For purposes of this title, a corporation or organization shall be treated as a qualified newspaper corporation if&#8211;<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:18" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:18" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:18'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:18" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:18'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:18" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:18">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:19" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:19');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:19');">‘(1) the trade or business of such corporation or organization consists of publishing on a regular basis a newspaper for general circulation,<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:19" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:19" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:19'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:19" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:19'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:19" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:19">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:20" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:20');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:20');">‘(2) the newspaper published by such corporation or organization contains local, national, and international news stories of interest to the general public and the distribution of such newspaper is necessary or valuable in achieving an educational purpose, and<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:20" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:20" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:20'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:20" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:20'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:20" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:20">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:21" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:21');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:21');">‘(3) the preparation of the material contained in such newspaper follows methods generally accepted as educational in character.’.<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:21" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:21" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:21'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:21" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:21'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:21" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:21">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:22" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:22');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:22');">(c) Unrelated Business Income of a Qualified Newspaper Corporation- Section 513 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:22" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:22" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:22'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:22" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:22'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:22" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:22">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:23" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:23');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:23');">‘(k) Advertising Income of Qualified Newspaper Corporations- The term ‘unrelated trade or business’ does not include the sale by a qualified newspaper corporation (as defined in section 501(r)) of any space for commercial advertisement to be published in a newspaper, to the extent that the space allotted to all such advertisements in such newspaper does not exceed the space allotted to fulfilling the educational purpose of such qualified newspaper corporation.’.<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:23" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:23" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:23'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:23" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:23'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:23" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:23">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:is:24" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:is:24');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:is:24');">(d) Deduction for Charitable Contributions- Subparagraph (B) of section 170(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting ‘(including a qualified newspaper corporation as defined in section 501(r))’ after ‘educational purposes’.<span id="bill_text_section_menu_t0:is:24" class="bill_text_section_menu" style="display: none;"><a id="show_comments_link_t0:is:24" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3164, 't0:is:24'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:is:24" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3164, 't0:is:24'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:is:24" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-s673/text?version=is&amp;nid=t0:is:24">Permalink</a></span></p>
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<p>(e) Effective Date- The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>H.R.1966 Megan Meier Cyberbullying Prevention Act</title>
		<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/social-justice/social-justice-facts/hr1966-megan-meier-cyberbullying-prevention-act</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/social-justice/social-justice-facts/hr1966-megan-meier-cyberbullying-prevention-act#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2009 00:50:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Ray Myers</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Social Justice Facts]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/?p=40</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This bill, named after the 13 year old Missouri girl who committed suicide after being harassed on the social networking site MySpace.com, is sponsored by Rep. Linda Sánchez [D, CA-39]. The intent of the bill is to make online harassment, known as cyberbullying, punishable under Chapter 41 of title 18 of the United States Code. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This bill, named after the 13 year old Missouri girl who committed suicide after being harassed on the social networking site MySpace.com, is sponsored by <a href="http://www.opencongress.org/person/show/400355_linda_sanchez">Rep. Linda Sánchez [D, CA-39]</a>. The intent of the bill is to make online harassment, known as cyberbullying, punishable under Chapter 41 of title 18 of the United States Code. The section dealing with threats and harassment.</p>
<p>Proponents of the bill say it will protect children and teens while online, where anonymity makes harassment easier.</p>
<p>Opponents contend that the bill would threaten free speech online and that sufficient criminal and civil penalties already exist for such behavior.</p>
<p>Read the full text of the bill behind the cut.</p>
<p><span id="more-40"></span></p>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:1">HR 1966 IH<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:1" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:1'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:1" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:1'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:1" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:1">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:2">111th CONGRESS<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:2" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:2'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:2" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:2'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:2" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:2">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:3">1st Session<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:3" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:3'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:3" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:3'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:3" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:3">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:4">H. R. 1966<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:4" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:4'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:4" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:4'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:4" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:4">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:5">To amend title 18, United States Code, with respect to cyberbullying.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:5" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:5'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:5" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:5'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:5" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:5">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:6">IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:6" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:6'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:6" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:6'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:6" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:6">Permalink</a></p>
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<h3><span id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:8" class="bill_text_section" onmouseover="BillText.mouseOverSection('t0:ih:8');" onmouseout="BillText.mouseOutSection('t0:ih:8');">April 2, 2009<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:8" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:8'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:8" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:8'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:8" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:8">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:9">Ms. LINDA T. SANCHEZ of California (for herself, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. YARMUTH, Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD, Mrs. CAPPS, Mr. BISHOP of New York, Mr. BRALEY of Iowa, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. HARE, Mr. HIGGINS, Mr. CLAY, Mr. SARBANES, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. COURTNEY, and Mr. KIRK) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:9" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:9'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:9" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:9'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:9" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:9">Permalink</a></p>
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<hr />
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:10">A BILL<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:10" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:10'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:10" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:10'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:10" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:10">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:11">To amend title 18, United States Code, with respect to cyberbullying.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:11" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:11'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:11" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:11'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:11" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:11">Permalink</a></p>
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<ul>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:12">Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:12" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:12'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:12" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:12'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:12" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:12">Permalink</a></p>
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</ul>
<h3>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</h3>
<ul>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:14">This Act may be cited as the ‘Megan Meier Cyberbullying Prevention Act’.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:14" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:14'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:14" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:14'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:14" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:14">Permalink</a></p>
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</ul>
<h3>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<ul>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:17">(1) Four out of five of United States children aged 2 to 17 live in a home where either they or their parents access the Internet.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:17" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:17'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:17" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:17'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:17" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:17">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:18">(2) Youth who create Internet content and use social networking sites are more likely to be targets of cyberbullying.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:18" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:18'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:18" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:18'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:18" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:18">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:19">(3) Electronic communications provide anonymity to the perpetrator and the potential for widespread public distribution, potentially making them severely dangerous and cruel to youth.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:19" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:19'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:19" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:19'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:19" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:19">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:20">(4) Online victimizations are associated with emotional distress and other psychological problems, including depression.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:20" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:20'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:20" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:20'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:20" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:20">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:21">(5) Cyberbullying can cause psychological harm, including depression; negatively impact academic performance, safety, and the well-being of children in school; force children to change schools; and in some cases lead to extreme violent behavior, including murder and suicide.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:21" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:21'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:21" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:21'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:21" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:21">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:22">(6) Sixty percent of mental health professionals who responded to the Survey of Internet Mental Health Issues report having treated at least one patient with a problematic Internet experience in the previous five years; 54 percent of these clients were 18 years of age or younger.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:22" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:22'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:22" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:22'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:22" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:22">Permalink</a></p>
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</ul>
</li>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:16">Congress finds the following:<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:16" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:16'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:16" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:16'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:16" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:16">Permalink</a></p>
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</ul>
<h3>SEC. 3. CYBERBULLYING.</h3>
<ul>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:24">(a) In General- Chapter 41 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:24" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:24'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:24" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:24'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:24" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:24">Permalink</a></p>
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</ul>
<h4>‘Sec. 881. Cyberbullying</h4>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:26">‘(a) Whoever transmits in interstate or foreign commerce any communication, with the intent to coerce, intimidate, harass, or cause substantial emotional distress to a person, using electronic means to support severe, repeated, and hostile behavior, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than two years, or both.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:26" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:26'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:26" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:26'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:26" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:26">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:27">‘(b) As used in this section&#8211;<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:27" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:27'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:27" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:27'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:27" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:27">Permalink</a></p>
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<ul>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:28">‘(1) the term ‘communication’ means the electronic transmission, between or among points specified by the user, of information of the user’s choosing, without change in the form or content of the information as sent and received; and<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:28" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:28'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:28" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:28'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:28" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:28">Permalink</a></p>
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<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:29">‘(2) the term ‘electronic means’ means any equipment dependent on electrical power to access an information service, including email, instant messaging, blogs, websites, telephones, and text messages.’.<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:29" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:29'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:29" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:29'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:29" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:29">Permalink</a></p>
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</ul>
<p id="bill_text_section_t0:ih:30">(b) Clerical Amendment- The table of sections at the beginning of chapter 41 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new item:<a id="show_comments_link_t0:ih:30" class="arrow" onclick="BillText.showComments(3695, 't0:ih:30'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Comments</a><a id="close_comments_link_t0:ih:30" class="arrow-left" style="display: none;" onclick="BillText.closeComments(3695, 't0:ih:30'); return false;" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text#">Close Comments</a><a id="permalink_t0:ih:30" class="arrow" href="http://www.opencongress.org/bill/111-h1966/text?version=ih&amp;nid=t0:ih:30">Permalink</a></p>
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<p>‘881. Cyberbullying.’.</p>
<p></span></h3>
]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>G20 to address offshore banking</title>
		<link>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/finance-banking/finance-banking-opinions/g20-to-address-offshore-banking</link>
		<comments>http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/finance-banking/finance-banking-opinions/g20-to-address-offshore-banking#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2009 12:37:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>hphillips</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Finance & Banking Opinions]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.citizensclosingthegap.org/?p=29</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[FINANCE: Tax Havens in Spotlight at G20 Meet
Lucy Komisar*
NEW YORK Mar 29 (IPS) - This could be the moment when a fatal
blow is delivered to the worlds tax havens. Or it could be
another largely cosmetic change that allows offshore financial
centres such as Switzerland the Cayman Islands and Liechtenstein
to deflect attacks on the system by sacrificing [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>FINANCE: Tax Havens in Spotlight at G20 Meet<br />
Lucy Komisar*<br />
NEW YORK Mar 29 (IPS) - This could be the moment when a fatal<br />
blow is delivered to the worlds tax havens. Or it could be<br />
another largely cosmetic change that allows offshore financial<br />
centres such as Switzerland the Cayman Islands and Liechtenstein<br />
to deflect attacks on the system by sacrificing the few tax<br />
miscreants that governments catch in their nets.<br />
Decisions at the G20 government leaders meeting in London Apr. 2<br />
will set the direction.<br />
Financial centres with bank secrecy laws are blamed by the<br />
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development which<br />
represents 30 developed economies for hiding some 5 to 7<br />
trillion dollars offshore so the profits they produce evade<br />
taxes. This costs the U.S. 100 billion dollars in taxes annually<br />
says Michigan Senator Carl Levin who has introduced legislation<br />
to combat offshore tax evasion. The numbers are guesses as bank<br />
secrecy masks the figures.<span id="more-29"></span><br />
Officials in Germany and France the two western countries that<br />
have pressed hardest for reform believe the offshore system not<br />
only deprives them of taxes but helped cause the financial<br />
crisis. Germanys Finance Minister Peer Steinbrueck said<br />
These tax havens are also places where unregulated<br />
financial market deals are made. A leaked French government<br />
paper agrees that Uncooperative jurisdictions may threaten<br />
the global financial stability by creating regulatory loopholes<br />
and opacity.<br />
Offshore centres worried what may happen in London are<br />
falling all over themselves promising to cooperate with the<br />
major powers on the trail of tax cheats. But the holes in the tax<br />
havens promises are as big as those in Switzerlands<br />
famous cheese.<br />
The issue is dramatised by the case of UBS. The bank to settle<br />
a charge that it promoted tax fraud agreed to turn over the<br />
names of some 300 clients to the U.S. Treasury. But it has balked<br />
at turning over another 47000 names of U.S. account holders<br />
suspected of tax evasion.<br />
And thats the point. Tax havens including the<br />
aforementioned as well as Singapore Hong Kong Andorra the<br />
Cayman Islands Monaco and others are agreeing to sign bilateral<br />
tax information exchange agreements. OECD spokesman Nicholas Bray<br />
told IPS on Thursday The situation is changing daily with<br />
new announcements from jurisdictions around the world that they<br />
are ready to commit to the international standards.<br />
But the OECDs tax standards call only for cooperation with<br />
foreign tax authorities if there is a particular and justifiable<br />
case. Bray said that means Inquiries by tax authorities<br />
based on reasonable and justified suspicion of tax evasion<br />
individuals and companies - no fishing expeditions no automatic<br />
exchange of information.<br />
The section on companies opens many possibilities. Not only<br />
could governments go after individuals using shell companies to<br />
carry out fake transactions to cheat on taxes but they could<br />
pursue real companies who move their profits offshore via<br />
transfer pricing to evade home country levies.<br />
Transfer pricing occurs when a company sells to an offshore<br />
intermediary at a fake low price (paying low taxes on low<br />
profits) and then sells from the intermediary into the market at<br />
the real higher price assigning the true profits to the tax<br />
haven - which levies no tax. Or if a company assigns excessive<br />
profits to an offshore sales or service subsidiary.<br />
Grace Perez-Navarro head of OECDs International<br />
Cooperation and Tax Competition Division said that if France<br />
for example had a tax haven subsidiary that the government<br />
suspected was used for transfer pricing it could request<br />
information about the subsidiarys offshore accounts.<br />
That could have impact in developing countries Trade between<br />
companies often done for transfer pricing to evade taxes is at<br />
least half of global trade. Grand Cayman is Brazils second<br />
largest trading partner - obviously a transfer-pricing way<br />
station. Brazil this year amended its transfer-pricing<br />
regulations and expanded the legal definition of tax havens.<br />
Christian Aid in London says that tax evasion costs developing<br />
countries estimated 160 billion dollars in tax a year a lot more<br />
than they get from global aid.<br />
However under the agreements signed governments have to go<br />
after suspects about which they already have evidence - and that<br />
evidence may be in the accounts. The Swiss Bankers&#8217; Association<br />
said in a statement that the privacy of foreign clients not<br />
under suspicion will continue to be protected by Swiss<br />
bank-client confidentiality. And An automatic<br />
exchange of information is excluded.<br />
Its impossible even for rich governments to investigate<br />
and provide evidence to tax havens about more than a very small<br />
number of their tax cheating citizens and companies. Requests for<br />
administrative assistance take money staff legal expertise and<br />
time. Many believe that automatic exchange of information is the<br />
only really effective way to end pandemic tax evasion.<br />
And where do such bilateral agreements leave developing<br />
countries with limited resources or bargaining strength? The<br />
Isle of Man has signed 14 agreements of which only two are with<br />
non-OECD countries. Will such arrangements be acceptable to G20<br />
members Brazil and India?<br />
Bray said This is an ongoing issue which will have to<br />
be resolved by more diplomacy. The UK is trying to encourage the<br />
idea of multilateral agreements I believe.<br />
The other part of the equation the G20 must deal with is how<br />
tough the sanctions are that it endorses.<br />
The leaked French working paper makes the strongest proposals.<br />
They include that G20 members punish countries deemed to be<br />
uncooperative by breaking off bilateral tax<br />
conventions. This would discourage corporations from using those<br />
financial centres.<br />
Equally important the French would put some onus on a G20<br />
countrys own financial institutions. They would require<br />
those banks to spell out in their annual reports if they worked<br />
with non-cooperative financial centres and would make supervisory<br />
authorities take this extra risk into account in the capital<br />
requirements for the banks.<br />
The paper says Clear reporting mechanisms should be put<br />
in place in order to increase the accountability of the<br />
management in business decisions leading to operations located in<br />
non cooperative jurisdictions. It says banks should be<br />
required to report accounts of their customers located in tax<br />
havens and the related capital flows.<br />
The French suggest refusing to allow payments to a blacklisted<br />
haven to be deducted from taxable income. They propose requiring<br />
international financial institutions to end their activities in<br />
blacklisted havens. Finally they suggest restriction or ban of<br />
money flows to and from that offshore centre - which would<br />
essentially end G20 banks and company operations offshore.<br />
The British are an unknown factor. About a third of the<br />
worlds tax havens are British dependences. It is currently<br />
reviewing the policies of what it acknowledges are British<br />
offshore financial centres. So when Prime Minister Gordon<br />
Brown told the U.S. Congress recently How much safer would<br />
everybodys savings be if the whole world finally came<br />
together to outlaw shadow banking systems and outlaw offshore tax<br />
havens? the question was why hasnt he dealt with<br />
British tax havens.<br />
The answer sits in London where financial institutions exist<br />
in a seamless web with the offshore centres.<br />
Other key G20 members also have tax haven concerns: China has<br />
attempted to crack down on tax evasion India loses a great deal<br />
of tax money through Mauritius and Russian officials are<br />
intimately aware of how the oligarchs moved assets and cheated on<br />
taxes through Cyprus Switzerland Jersey and the Isle of Man.<br />
As for the Americans U.S. banks already inform tax authorities<br />
about how much interest they are paying on clients<br />
accounts. Barack Obama co-sponsored the Stop Tax Haven Abuse Act<br />
as a senator and has endorsed it as president. It would allow the<br />
U.S. to bar its own banks from doing business with foreign banks<br />
that refused to cooperate with U.S. tax authorities.<br />
Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner told Congress Thursday that<br />
the U.S. would launch a new initiative to address<br />
prudential supervision tax havens and money laundering issues<br />
in weakly regulated jurisdictions. He said President<br />
Obama will underscore in London on Apr. 2 at the Leaders&#8217; Summit<br />
the imperative of raising standards across the globe and<br />
encouraging a race to the top rather than a race to the<br />
bottom.<br />
However the U.S. has provided no specifics about where it<br />
stands on the key issues.<br />
*Lucy Komisar is an investigative journalist who writes about<br />
the offshore bank and corporate secrecy system. Her articles are<br />
posted at http://thekomisarscoop.com/.<br />
(FIN/2009)</p>
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